Recently, foreign monopoly of the Chinese seed industry has become a hot topic, and aroused concern on China's food security.
learned. but we have made in the cotton good results and experience to achieve a reversal of market share. I believe in the maize, rice can also get good results. Seeds come in but not much less. There are too many interests in them. from the industrial safety, patriotic point of view has a lot of complex reports. I think that should also be from the farmers, from the perspective of long-term development industry has a balanced sound. giant seed companies to compete? Zheng Fengtian think it should be: public good breeding institution + country = cheap high input seed for farmers.
both positive and negative lessons learned
why we will form a soybean processing market is basically controlled by foreign multinational companies the situation? Huang believes that there are many factors, but one important reason is that China's own R & D strength is not enough, especially in transgenic research is lagging behind.
Huang explained that China's accession to World Trade Organization (WTO), to allow for processing of genetically modified soybeans into China, the domestic processing enterprises to buy foreign genetically modified soybeans, and when we do not have such transgenic soybeans.
Huang said that transnational capital occupied a very low price the soybean market in China, prices began to increase, we lose our right to speak, lessons learned.
the same time, China also allowed foreign genetically modified seeds grown in China, Chinese farmers to grow non-genetically modified soybeans or soybean oil was no higher foreign genetically modified soybeans, farmers can not sell, factories do not want to Our associated production began to decline.
Recalling the mid-80s of last century, Huang said, when corn, rice, wheat and so on, for as small grains, soybeans, research into small, well behind the leading soybean products is now a passive situation.
for soybean products is concerned, is really no foreign varieties of oil is high, but Wong said: similar, but not before the investment, research is not thorough. Han-Zhong Wang, director of researcher has said that in recent years,mac makeup wholesale, China's cotton industry on the middle and lower reaches formed a complementary combination, on the one hand to avoid the low efficiency of the simple repetition, but also to speed up the domestic varieties of genetically modified cotton cultivation process and the new industry efforts to avoid the risk of being destroyed one by one. By 2008, the domestic cotton market share from the previous 5% to 93%, successfully recaptured the cotton seed market in China.
For soybeans, the reason for foreign multinational companies are competitive, Zheng Fengtian that, mainly due to foreign multinational companies is growing genetically modified soybeans. case, the result can be imagined.
government actually has taken many measures, such as the implementation of the revitalization plan of soybean, high Shouzhu etc., but the actual result is not satisfactory. Or farmers do not want to sell, not buy processors, grain storage do not want to receive.
early as last May, Zheng Fengtian once called: implementation of conservation policies, not the long-term survival of domestic soybean measure, is the to the 'go to demonize' the time of transgenic soybeans. basically completed layout.
soybean industry if one of the issues that are not so genetically modified soybean seeds in, then what causes the corn industry in this situation? For foreign investment, foreign companies, should have some restrictions? Or completely limit?
this, Zhengfeng Tian said, adding soybean industry mainly come into the WTO negotiations; later, without warning protection mechanism, causing the entire industry had been drained. Corn industry will learn, there must be industrial security early warning mechanism. But can not come in a little let foreign investment, which is detrimental to farmers, but also make the whole industry is in On the layout to monitor foreign investment is not allowed to enter or to, or come in after the matter of the state.
Huang said that these maize varieties are foreign non-GM varieties, test site, so you can come. The United States called the Pioneer Seed Company and domestic enterprises, corn is their technical strengths. Because of their strong technical force, some of our local and corporate support for research and development of corn to be weakened. After the joint venture,mac makeup, in fact, shrunk our development efforts.
Zheng Fengtian also asked: Corn foreign competition brought the situation in China, Zheng Fengtian think this is a good thing, the domestic seed companies can not just say that these foreign danger, and content with their low level of service quality and not increased. Such as the United States, not only for species of seed company Pioneer, to sell food, they also responsible for contacting grain storage, providing a wide range of services. Sometimes come in one or two foreign
bigger and stronger seed companies were not so easy
Zhengfeng Tian said that, from field crops such as maize, rice, wheat, etc., most of the seeds or China.
long time, China has been food for the program, but the power has been concentrated in the breeding of food crops, resulting in vegetables, fruits, flowers, seeds, compared with foreign countries differ greatly from the present vegetable seed market is indeed mainly by foreign seeds play a major role. Zhengfeng Tian said, to some extent, as China's most famous vegetable planting base in Shandong Shouguang actually a big testing ground for foreign seed. The annual seed fairs, which are mostly foreign seeds, including those from Korea, Japan, Israel, and so on.
this point, if not let foreign seed in, the good seed, then the vegetables sold to Japan, South Korea, also quite good. Conversely, if farmers can not buy good seeds, vegetables in foreign countries without the slightest competitive.
the past, China has a lot of gaps in the breeding. Now, we worry about the seed you, that one gram of seeds of one gram of gold. Zheng Fengtian that foreign as well. Seed is high-tech things, like tulips, a seed investment in very high. Expensive seed, farmers are willing to buy it if it shows the seeds to grow more valuable crops. Seeds of plants abroad, prices are very expensive, because breeding invested heavily.
General Secretary Hu Jintao pointed out during inspection Shouguang to improve China's independent innovation capability. .
some suggested that the state create a number of large seeds put together a long time to bring the research. At present, China's many varieties of seed companies do not own the intellectual property, most did not research capacity of the seeds with large foreign company is not a concept. investment of seed is not immediately able to breed new varieties, a new corn, wheat, rice varieties, from the beginning to the country in large scale, generally requires two decades of the cycle. cultivate new varieties of vegetables will be better , but also have about a decade. China's reform and opening up many years before?
Zheng Fengtian that some crop breeding buy a computer just like now, we can only use Microsoft's operating system, using Intel's chips. Maize in China to do, could not escape the impact of Pioneer Seed Company, because the world, the oldest pioneer corn seed, corn seed monopoly of many resources; Monsanto GM is now mainly focused on breeding, such as cotton and other well-known ; Europe, Israel, Netherlands, and many well-known company specializing in state-owned vegetable and flower varieties. General division of the foreign seed companies is designed to select some characteristics of the seed, through the high-input varieties bringing out excellent, and the promotion in the world. Just as the same major pharmaceutical companies abroad, they make one or several new varieties protected by intellectual property, through global marketing, will be able to get great profits. There is no
in Zheng Fengtian view,mac brushes, the majority of seed companies in China should be called trading companies, either by buying seeds from abroad, or to nurture the seeds of scientists out to sell. Contrary, many researchers bred breeding new varieties, the lack of intellectual property protection, even in the market to promote a very large area, would still make money. Some researchers also used a good variety from other countries resources, with local varieties of a distribution, it becomes a new species. In this way bringing out new varieties is very difficult to go abroad, because it will face charges of intellectual property.
China should have its own unique pattern
seeds, resulting in a reverse phase, that is, there does not depend on the quality of seeds to compete, but by competition between, and even farmers to buy seed subsidy appears species is designated the phenomenon of fake seeds, caused great resentment. Fortunately, some places are now engaged in the food and agriculture subsidies abolished the practice of the tender specified, direct subsidy payments to farmers, improved varieties, the farmers decide what to buy seeds.
companies make money, but people do not always use a good variety.
In China, grain seed is mainly research institutions and universities in the study. Not the same abroad, such as Pioneer, Monsanto and other seed companies, large, amount of annual funding for research into a huge, easily hundreds of billions of dollars. They employed a large number of full-time scientists, breed new varieties, then the global markets.
for farmers, bad for scientists. the farmers use cheap seed. Because the price of their food is very low, can not let farmers use high seed. This model more suitable for China, but also the lowest cost, the best.
Zhengfeng Tian said, Yuan's Xianzai 一般 scientists should not be the head when the seed companies, Yiban outstanding scientists of the main advantages of breeding, no energy to do business. Not to have it both ways if such research is likely to do well, the market has done well. And scientists are taking the Government has allocated money to breeding, should be public good, and then rely on this to make money is not appropriate, the seed should not be longer accept royalty.
present, the global seed market is basically monopolized by several large seeds giant, they tend to spend a lot of money bringing out new varieties, and then sell high cost recovery. China's current size is too small seed companies, Zheng Fengtian that must have China's own model.
outstanding scientists keep up.
Huang said in the last 10 years, for the cotton, the country is a GM with a multinational company fought a skirmish. Now, the whole field of transgenic breeding is facing six multinational companies - they rape, soybean, etc. have a very strong advantage. A good number of seed companies both transgenic varieties,vibram 5 fingers, but also make conventional breeding, and their marketing power is very strong, always wanted to come. seed industry, we face many challenges.
